Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that originates in the lungs, and the duration of surgery, hospitalization requirement, and postsurgery care depend on the stage and type of cancer.

Average cost of treatment-

$5000-$8000

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the lungs. It is one of the most common types of cancer and is responsible for a large number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Lung cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the lungs grow and divide uncontrollably, forming a tumor. This tumor can then spread to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, bones, liver, or brain. There are two main types of lung cancer: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC is the most common type, accounting for about 85% of all lung cancers, while SCLC is less common but more aggressive. Lung cancer is often caused by smoking, but it can also be caused by exposure to other harmful substances, such as radon, asbestos, or air pollution. Symptoms of lung cancer may include coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and weight loss. Treatment options for lung cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The prognosis for lung cancer depends on the stage of the cancer at diagnosis, as well as the patient's overall health and other factors. Early detection and treatment are important for improving the chances of survival.

To detect lung cancer, the following diagnostic tests are commonly used:

Chest X-ray: This imaging test can help identify any abnormal masses or nodules in the lungs.
Computed Tomography (CT) scan: A CT scan provides detailed images of the lungs, helping to detect any abnormalities or tumors.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan: A PET scan uses radioactive tracers to identify areas of increased metabolic activity, which can indicate the presence of cancer cells.
Biopsy: A biopsy involves taking a tissue sample from the lung for examination under a microscope to determine if it is cancerous.
Sputum cytology: This test involves examining a sample of mucus coughed up from the lungs for the presence of cancer cells.
Bronchoscopy: This procedure involves inserting a thin, flexible tube with a camera into the airways to visually inspect the lungs and collect tissue samples for biopsy.
Molecular testing: Molecular testing can analyze the genetic makeup of lung cancer cells to determine specific mutations or biomarkers that may guide treatment decisions.
Blood tests: Certain blood tests can detect tumor markers or genetic abnormalities associated with lung cancer, although they are not definitive diagnostic tests on their own.
It's important to note that the specific diagnostic tests recommended may vary depending on individual factors and the stage of lung cancer suspected. A healthcare professional will determine the most appropriate tests based on the patient's specific situation.

1. Smoking: The most common cause of lung cancer is smoking. Tobacco smoke contains harmful chemicals that damage the cells in the lungs and increase the risk of cancer.

2. Exposure to secondhand smoke: People who are exposed to secondhand smoke are also at risk of developing lung cancer.

3. Radon exposure: Radon is a naturally occurring gas that can seep into homes and buildings. Prolonged exposure to high levels of radon can increase the risk of lung cancer.

4. Air pollution: Exposure to air pollution, such as exhaust fumes from cars and trucks, can increase the risk of lung cancer.

5. Occupational exposure: People who work in certain industries, such as mining, construction, and manufacturing, may be exposed to harmful chemicals and substances that increase the risk of lung cancer.

6. Family history: A family history of lung cancer may increase the risk of developing the disease.

7. Age: The risk of lung cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 65.

8. Genetics: Certain genetic mutations may increase the risk of developing lung cancer.

The general symptoms of lung cancer may include:

Persistent cough: A chronic cough that worsens over time or doesn't go away.
Shortness of breath: Difficulty breathing or feeling breathless, especially with physical activity.
Chest pain: Pain in the chest, back, or shoulders that may worsen with deep breathing, coughing, or laughing.
Coughing up blood: Coughing up blood or rust-colored sputum.
Fatigue: Feeling tired or weak, even with little exertion.
Unexplained weight loss: Sudden and unexplained weight loss.
Loss of appetite: A decreased desire to eat.
Hoarseness: Changes in the voice, such as hoarseness or persistent throat irritation.
Recurrent respiratory infections: Frequent infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia.
Wheezing: A whistling sound while breathing, often associated with narrowing of the airways.
It's important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by conditions other than lung cancer. If you experience any of these symptoms or have concerns about your health, it's recommended to consult a healthcare professional for a proper evaluation and diagnosis.

Lobectomy

Treatment/Procedure: Lobectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a lobe of the lung affected by cancer or other lung diseases.

How it is done: The surgery is performed under general anesthesia, and the surgeon makes an incision in the chest to access the lung. The affected lobe is then removed, and the remaining lung tissue is reconnected.

Time it takes: The surgery usually takes 2-4 hours, and the patient may need to stay in the hospital for 5-7 days.

Risk associated: As with any surgery, there are risks associated with lobectomy, including bleeding, infection, and damage to surrounding organs. There is also a risk of complications such as pneumonia and blood clots.

Cost of treatment: The average cost of lobectomy in India for good hospitals is around $5,000-$8,000. However, the cost may vary depending on the hospital, location, and the patient's medical condition.

Wedge resection

Treatment/Procedure: Wedge resection is a surgical procedure used to remove a small, wedge-shaped piece of tissue from the lung.

How it is done: The surgeon makes a small incision in the chest and uses a special instrument to remove the tissue. The incision is then closed with sutures or staples.

Time it takes: The procedure usually takes about 1-2 hours.

Risk associated: As with any surgery, there are risks associated with wedge resection, including bleeding, infection, and damage to surrounding organs.

Cost of treatment: The average cost of wedge resection in India is around $3,000-$4,000 in good hospitals. However, the cost may vary depending on the hospital, location, and other factors.

Pneumonectomy

Treatment/Procedure: Pneumonectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a lung, either partially or completely, due to lung cancer, severe lung infection, or other lung diseases.

How it is done: The patient is given general anesthesia, and the surgeon makes an incision in the chest to access the lung. The lung is then removed, and the remaining tissue is sutured together.

How much time it takes: The surgery can take anywhere from 2 to 6 hours, depending on the extent of the lung removal and the patient's overall health.

How much risk is associated: Pneumonectomy is a major surgery and carries risks such as bleeding, infection, blood clots, and breathing difficulties. The risk of complications is higher in older patients and those with other health conditions.

Average cost of treatment (USD) in India for good hospitals: The average cost of pneumonectomy in India ranges from $5,000 to $10,000 in good hospitals. However, the cost may vary depending on the hospital, surgeon's fees, and other factors.

Cost of treatment: The cost of pneumonectomy in India includes pre-surgery tests, hospital stay, surgeon's fees, anesthesia, and post-operative care.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)

Treatment/Procedure: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions of the chest, such as lung cancer, collapsed lung, and pleural effusion.

How it is done: During the procedure, a small incision is made in the chest, and a tiny camera and surgical instruments are inserted through the incision. The surgeon then uses the camera to guide the instruments and perform the necessary surgery.

How much time it takes: The procedure typically takes 1-2 hours to complete.

How much risk is associated: VATS is generally considered a safe procedure, but as with any surgery, there are risks involved, such as bleeding, infection, and damage to surrounding organs.

Average cost of treatment (USD) in India for good hospitals: The average cost of VATS in India for good hospitals ranges from $2,000 to $4,000. However, the cost may vary depending on the hospital, location, and the specific condition being treated.

1. Stop smoking: If you are a smoker, it is important to quit smoking at least two weeks before the surgery. Smoking can cause complications during and after the surgery.

2. Medication review: Inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and supplements. Some medications may need to be stopped or adjusted before the surgery.

3. Blood tests: Your doctor may order blood tests to check your overall health and to ensure that your blood is clotting properly.

4. Chest X-ray: A chest X-ray may be required to assess the extent of the cancer and to check for any other lung problems.

5. Pulmonary function tests: These tests measure how well your lungs are functioning and can help your doctor determine if you are a good candidate for surgery.

6. Nutritional assessment: Your doctor may recommend a nutritional assessment to ensure that you are getting the right nutrients to support your body during the healing process.

7. Breathing exercises: Your doctor may recommend breathing exercises to help improve your lung function before and after the surgery.

8. Arrange for help: You may need help with daily activities after the surgery, so it is important to arrange for someone to assist you during your recovery.

9. Follow pre-surgery instructions: Your doctor will provide you with specific instructions to follow before the surgery, such as fasting for a certain period of time or avoiding certain foods and drinks.

10. Mental preparation: Surgery can be stressful, so it is important to prepare yourself mentally by talking to your doctor, asking questions, and seeking support from family and friends.

1. Monitor vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation levels regularly.

2. Administer pain medication as prescribed by the doctor.

3. Encourage deep breathing exercises to prevent pneumonia and improve lung function.

4. Assist with mobility and ambulation to prevent blood clots and promote circulation.

5. Monitor for signs of infection such as fever, redness, and swelling.

6. Provide a nutritious diet to promote healing and prevent complications.

7. Encourage the patient to cough and clear their airways to prevent mucus buildup.

8. Provide emotional support and counseling to help the patient cope with the diagnosis and recovery process.

9. Monitor for signs of complications such as bleeding, fluid buildup, or respiratory distress.

10. Follow up with the doctor for regular check-ups and imaging tests to monitor the progress of the recovery.

The success rate of surgical procedures for lung cancer in India varies depending on the stage of the cancer and the overall health of the patient. Generally, early-stage lung cancer has a higher success rate with surgery, with some studies reporting a 5-year survival rate of up to 70%. However, for advanced-stage lung cancer, the success rate of surgery may be lower, and other treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be recommended. It is important to consult with a qualified medical professional to determine the best course of treatment for individual cases.

1. Dr. Rajesh Mistry - Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai
2. Dr. Pankaj Chaturvedi - Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai
3. Dr. Arvind Kumar - Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi
4. Dr. Suresh Advani - Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai
5. Dr. Ashok Vaid - Medanta - The Medicity, Gurgaon
6. Dr. Raja Flores - Max Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Delhi
7. Dr. Prasad Narayanan - Apollo Hospitals, Chennai
8. Dr. S. Hukku - Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon
9. Dr. Nitesh Rohatgi - Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon
10. Dr. Ramesh Sarin - Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi
11. Dr. Anil Heroor - Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai
12. Dr. S. K. Gupta - Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon
13. Dr. S. K. Rawal - Fortis Hospital, Noida
14. Dr. S. K. Sama - Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi
15. Dr. Ravi Mohanka - Global Hospitals, Mumbai
16. Dr. Rakesh Chopra - Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon
17. Dr. S. K. Mathur - Fortis Hospital, Mumbai
18. Dr. S. K. Rajan - Apollo Hospitals, Chennai
19. Dr. S. K. Singh - Fortis Hospital, Mumbai
20. Dr. S. K. Tiwari - Max Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Delhi

Consult Online

1. Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai
2. Apollo Hospitals, Chennai
3. Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon
4. Max Super Speciality Hospital, Delhi
5. Medanta - The Medicity, Gurgaon
6. Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai
7. Manipal Hospitals, Bangalore
8. Narayana Health, Bangalore
9. HCG Cancer Centre, Bangalore
10. Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi
11. Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon
12. Global Hospitals, Chennai
13. KIMS Cancer Center, Hyderabad
14. P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai
15. Shalby Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad

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